GenLayer’s ‘Internet Court’ Uses AI Juries to Settle Agent Disputes

GenLayer’s Internet Court is a dispute-resolution protocol for autonomous software, allowing AI agents and people to enter contracts with funds held in escrow until their terms are verified. The system is designed for low-value disputes that would be impractical to settle through conventional courts, such as an agent asked to buy $10,000 in “blue chip stocks” accidentally purchasing $10,000 of Bluebird-brand frozen chips.

Disputes are sent to five randomly selected GenLayer validators, each running a different AI model, which reach an initial decision by majority vote within minutes. A ruling can be appealed to larger panels of 11, 23 and eventually as many as 1,500 AI agents. GenLayer co-founder and CEO Albert Castellana said finality typically takes about 30 minutes, while waiting for the maximum panel could extend the process to roughly three hours.

The design draws on Condorcet’s jury theorem, which holds that independent evaluators can improve the likelihood of reaching a correct decision. Internet Court draws on AI models from families including Claude, Gemini, ChatGPT and DeepSeek rather than relying on a single system. Castellana said combining models with different biases—describing them as left-leaning and right-leaning—can produce more reliable responses.

Built on GenLayer’s open delegated proof-of-stake network, the protocol has operated in beta for roughly a year and currently processes around 12,000 decisions per day. Its technology already authenticates user-uploaded photos for Collective Memory and resolves arguments on argue.fun, with a mainnet launch expected next month. The project’s open consortium counts 35 members, including ZKsync, NEAR, Consensys and UMA, as GenLayer positions automated accountability for AI-agent commerce, from crypto and stock trading to household purchases.